| 1. |
- Ren, Qiannan, 1994, et al.
(author)
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Gapwaveguide Automotive Imaging Radar Antenna with Launcher in Package Technology
- 2023
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In: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536 .- 2169-3536. ; 11, s. 37483-37493
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A 77 GHz gapwaveguide radar antenna system with launcher-in-package (LiP) technology is presented in this paper for automotive imaging applications. Firstly, state-of-the-art LiP technology integrated with radar transceivers is proposed. The transceivers are equipped with waveguide interfaces for RF connection, enabling direct integration with waveguide antennas. Robust interconnects for coupling transceivers to waveguide antennas with non-galvanic contacts are proposed using gapwaveguide packaging technology. A simultaneous multi-mode imaging radar system using 4 cascaded aforementioned transceivers is introduced. Designated antenna elements of the system are realized by slot arrays with center-fed ridge gapwaveguides. Ultimately, the imaging radar antenna has a top radiating slot layer, a middle distribution layer and a bottom interconnect layer capable of accommodating 4 LiP radar transceivers with considerable assembly tolerance which is really one of the key aspects for commercial automotive radar applications. Input matching and radiation patterns of the antenna are verified by measurement. The results indicate that the proposed gapwaveguide imaging radar antenna in conjunction with the novel LiP packaging is able to serve the radar system properly. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the proposed gapwaveguide antenna system is the first imaging radar antenna system ever developed for LiP components. This work provides a compact, high-efficiency and cost-effective solution for the integration of complex radar systems with waveguide antennas.
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| 2. |
- Zang, Zhaorui, 1994, et al.
(author)
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Single Layer Dual Circularly Polarized Antenna Elements for Automotive Radar at 77 GHz
- 2021
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In: 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2021.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, two different configurations of dual circularly polarized antenna elements in single layer gap waveguide (GW) are presented for 77GHz automotive radar systems. Both of the antenna configurations utilize slot element to radiate and generate circular polarizations. The right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) are generated at the same working frequency with different input ports. The simulated results show that both two antenna elements could cover the proposed impedance bandwidth (75-80 GHz) with an axial ratio lower than 2 dB.
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| 3. |
- Ivashina, Marianna, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Optimization of the 0.35-1.05 GHz Quad-Ridged Flared Horn and Eleven feeds for the Square Kilometer Array baseline design
- 2014
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In: Proceedings - 2014 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2014. - 9781467357104 ; , s. 513-516
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Initial optimization results for the wide-band Eleven antenna and Quadruple-Ridged Flared Horn (QRFH), designed to operate as the reflector antenna feeds at 350 - 1050 MHz, are presented and discussed in the context of the next generation radio telescope - the Square Kilometer Array (SKA). First, we describe the procedure that has been developed to carry out time-efficient optimization of the feeds for multiple antenna optics configurations at the system level (so as to maximize the antenna-receiver sensitivity), and then cross-compare the two feed types by assessing the main antenna system characteristics and radio-astronomy performance metrics.
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| 4. |
- Ren, Qiannan, 1994, et al.
(author)
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An Automotive Polarimetric Radar Sensor With Circular Polarization Based on Gapwaveguide Technology
- 2023
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In: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. - 0018-9480 .- 1557-9670. ; In Press
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article presents a novel design of an automotive polarimetric radar sensor with circular polarization (CP) at 77 GHz band based on gap waveguide technology. The proposed design employs a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration with single-CP TX antennas and dual-CP RX antennas, enabling the acquisition of sufficient polarimetric information while reducing the number of transmitters (TXs) by half. Gapwaveguide technology is utilized for the implementation of the multilayer waveguide front-end. Series-fed septum polarizers are employed for the antenna design with low-profile characteristics. Measurement results indicate that the antenna elements enable a high level of cross-polarization across the field of view (FoV). Integration of the waveguide front-end with RF boards is achieved using gap waveguide packaging techniques. Static measurements were conducted on common scattering objects to evaluate the sensor’s performance. Polarimetric rotation signatures of the objects were acquired from the measurements, demonstrating the sensor’s potential for use in object identification tasks. Dynamic measurements were performed to evaluate the sensor’s Doppler response. The assessments indicate a high level of accuracy, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed sensor in analyzing dynamic movements. Overall, the proposed polarimetric radar sensor provides persuasive evidence that gap waveguide technology is a highly promising candidate for the realization of advanced automotive radar front-ends.
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| 5. |
- Ivashina, Marianna, 1975, et al.
(author)
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System noise performance of ultra-wideband feeds for future radio telescopes: Conical-Sinuous Antenna and Eleven Antenna
- 2014
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In: 2014 31th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSI GASS 2014, Beijing, China, 16-23 August 2014. - 9781467352253 ; , s. Art. no. 6930063-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Next generation radio telescopes can greatly benefit from reflector antenna feeds that demonstrate very wide frequency bandwidth and can potentially realize low noise performance of the receivers. In this paper, we provide an overview of the current developments at the national radio observatories in Sweden and USA that make use of novel multi-port antenna feeds, such as the Sinuous Antenna and Eleven Antenna. The focus of this overview is on the system performance, when using this technology at high or very low frequencies, i.e. when the feed-receiver system is fully or partially (cryogenically) cooled.
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| 6. |
- Ren, Qiannan, 1994, et al.
(author)
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Novel Integration Techniques for Gap Waveguides and MMICs Suitable for Multilayer Waveguide Applications
- 2022
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In: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. - 0018-9480 .- 1557-9670. ; 70:9, s. 4120-4128
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article discusses three integration and packaging techniques for gap waveguides and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) suitable for multilayer waveguide applications. Two vertical transitions between microstrips and ridge gap waveguides (RGWs) are presented. The first vertical transition connects RGW to a microstrip line from the top where a rectangular patch has been used. Measured results of the transition in a back-to-back structure show that the reflection coefficient is better than $-$ 10 dB from 75 to 83 GHz, and the insertion loss for a single transition over the frequency band is 0.65–0.85 dB. The second vertical transition connects RGW to a microstrip line from the back by a slot in the ground plane. Measured results of the transition in a back-to-back structure show that the reflection coefficient is better than $-$ 10 dB from 69 to 86 GHz, and the insertion loss for a single transition is 0.65–1 dB over the frequency band. Commercially available E-band MMIC amplifiers are integrated with RGWs using the two proposed transitions. Moreover, for the very first time, the integration of MMIC with inverted microstrip gap waveguide (IMGW) is realized by a compact packaging structure that utilizes bond wires and capacitive pads. All the three active integrations are consistent with the passive measurements in terms of operational bandwidth, losses, amplifier gain flatness, and unwanted resonance suppression.
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| 7. |
- Wang, Enlin, 1998, et al.
(author)
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Applications of Contactless Characteristics of Gap Waveguides in Mechanical Reconfigurability
- 2023
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In: 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2023.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three reconfigurable transmission lines (TLs) (a sheath rectangular waveguide, a movable rectangular waveguide, and a universal-joint circular waveguide) have been proposed in this work to extend the applications of gap waveguide technology in the domain of mechanical reconfigurability. These three reconfigurable TLs enable movements of waveguide ports through mechanisms of sheathing, displacement, and rotation without wave propagation leakage, and thereby provide possibilities for antenna mechanical reconfigurability.
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| 8. |
- Ren, Qiannan, 1994, et al.
(author)
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Millimeter-Wave Vertical Transitions between Ridge Gap Waveguides and Microstrip Lines for Integration of MMIC with Slot Array
- 2021
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In: 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2021.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents two low-loss vertical transitions between ridge gap waveguides and microstrip lines. The transitions can be utilized as packaging techniques for system level integration of MMICs with waveguide components such as slot array antennas. Both vertical transitions feature microstrip lines being the bottom layer but facing opposite directions. The first vertical transition consists of a microstrip line facing upwards with a patch in the end. Simulation results show that the reflection coefficient is better than -15 dB from 74 to 82 GHz. The second transition of microstrip line facing downwards features E-plane probe with back-short cavity surrounded by periodic pins. Simulation results show that the reflection coefficient is better than -15 dB from 71 to 86 GHz. Comparing with other same layer transitions, the vertical solutions provide more flexibility for the routing of antenna feeding line and have the ability of implementing a more compact design.
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